| 31. |
- Eek-Karlsson, Liselotte, 1955-
(author)
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Ungas samspel i sociala medier : Att balansera mellan ansvar och positionering
- 2015
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The growing communication that takes place between young people today causes concern. The purpose of this study is to develop in – depth knowledge of the interaction that young people engage in online. The pedagogic interest is based on an investigation of conditions for social learning and social integration that exist in practice, which unfolds in virtual spaces created by social media. The technology referred to in this thesis is considered to be a social construction, which entails that values circulate between people, technology, and society. The theoretical point of departure is based on a pedagogic theory, which proposes that people develop their ability to cooperate, their social identity, and their understanding of the world through interaction with others. This dissertation includes three studies. The first study investigates support and harassment online (for example, insults). The second study is conducted for the purpose of revealing the discursive patterns in young people’s argumentation, based on a series of interviews. Finally, a text analysis of Facebook’s policy document was performed, with focus on the democratic values that are mediated via this document. The overall result is that considerably more young people feel that they are supported in social media, than those who are harassed. Both a supportive culture and a harassing culture can be defined however. The more often young people support their friends, the more often they find themselves to be the recipient of support. The same relationship pertains for harassing communication. Reciprocity, respect, and being responsible are dominant themes in a close circle of friends. In interaction with friends who are not members of the close circle of friends, communication is characterised by asymmetry and control. The imposition of discipline takes place as a function of both gender and status. The risk of being subject to reprisals is great, if the prevailing system of norms is violated. Young people’s social interaction in virtual spaces tends to be dominated by marketization where strategic behaviour, which primarily is a function of the individual’s social position and profit interest, is observed.
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| 32. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study : objectives and design
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 278:6, s. 645-659
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.
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| 33. |
- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
Diagnostic accuracy of postmortem imaging vs autopsy : a systematic review
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Radiology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 89, s. 249-269
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Postmortem imaging has been used for more than a century as a complement to medico-legal autopsies. The technique has also emerged as a possible alternative to compensate for the continuous decline in the number of clinical autopsies. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of postmortem imaging for various types of findings, we performed this systematic literature review. Data sources The literature search was performed in the databases PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library through January 7, 2015. Relevant publications were assessed for risk of bias using the QUADAS tool and were classified as low, moderate or high risk of bias according to pre-defined criteria. Autopsy and/or histopathology were used as reference standard. Findings The search generated 2600 abstracts, of which 340 were assessed as possibly relevant and read in full-text. After further evaluation 71 studies were finally included, of which 49 were assessed as having high risk of bias and 22 as moderate risk of bias. Due to considerable heterogeneity - in populations, techniques, analyses and reporting - of included studies it was impossible to combine data to get a summary estimate of the diagnostic accuracy of the various findings. Individual studies indicate, however, that imaging techniques might be useful for determining organ weights, and that the techniques seem superior to autopsy for detecting gas Conclusions and Implications In general, based on the current scientific literature, it was not possible to determine the diagnostic accuracy of postmortem imaging and its usefulness in conjunction with, or as an alternative to autopsy. To correctly determine the usefulness of postmortem imaging, future studies need improved planning, improved methodological quality and larger materials, preferentially obtained from multi-center studies.
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| 34. |
- Fahnestock, Jesse, et al.
(author)
-
Avfallsförbränning för framtida behov : Scenarioanalys och handlingsplaner
- 2019
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Denna rapport är en leverans från ett enskild projekt inom det Strategiska Innovationsprogram RE:Source. Projektet heter Avfallsförbränning för framtida behovoch ska ta fram kunskapsunderlag som främjar utveckling av energiåtervinning som är anpassad för en framtid cirkulär ekonomi.För att identifiera prioriterade innovationer har en scenarioprocess genomförts tillsammans med projektintressenter från energisektorn, avfalls- och återvinningssektorn, och producerande industrier. Resultatet blir två olika, kompletterande scenarier för den cirkulära ekonomin med olika implikationer för innovation inom avfallsförbränning och energiåtervinning. Med dessa scenarier som underlag har projektet sedan identifierat fyra prioriterade innovationsområden och tagit fram handlingsplaner för särskilda innovationsinsatser.
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| 35. |
- Fahnestock, Jesse, et al.
(author)
-
Waste Incineration for the Future : Scenario analysis and action plans
- 2019
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report is a deliverable from a project within the Swedish Strategic Innovation Program RE:Source, financed by the Swedish Energy Agency, Formas and Vinnova. The project, Waste Incineration for the Future, aims to produce a knowledge base for the development of energy recovery from waste that suits the future circular economy. In order to identify and prioritize relevant innovations, a scenario process has been undertaken with stakeholders from the energy, waste and recycling, and manufacturing industries. The result is two distinct, complementary scenarios for the circular economy in Sweden, each with different implications for innovation in waste incineration and energy recovery.With these scenarios as a starting point, the project has defined prioritized areas for innovation and produced action plans for promoting innovation.
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| 36. |
- Fiskari, Juha, et al.
(author)
-
Deep Eutectic Solvent Treatment to Low-Energy TMP to Produce Fibers for Papermaking
- 2018
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In: IMPC 2018. - Trondheim, Norway.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this research was to gain a better understanding on whether a novel process based on low-energy thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) process followed by a chemical treatment with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) could produce fibers suitable for papermaking. In full scale production, these fibers could be produced at a much lower capital and operational costs, especially when utilizing existing TMP plants which are under the threat to be shut down or have already been shut down due to a decreasing demand for newsprint and other wood-containing papers.The efficiency of several DES treatments under various temperatures and times were evaluated by carrying out experiments in standard Teflon-lined autoclaves. A few tests were also performed in a unique nonstandard flow extractor. Pulp samples were characterized for their cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents. Moreover, tensile index was measured both before and after pulp refining. Depending on the solvent, the response of mechanical pulp varied, especially in terms of hemicellulose dissolution. Lactic acid, oxalic acid and urea, all in combination with choline chloride ([Ch]Cl) as the hydrogen bond acceptor, dissolved about 50% of the lignin of the low-energy TMP fibers under the tested conditions. The mixture of malic acid and [Ch]Cl was less effective in lignin dissolution. The mixture of urea and [Ch]Cl exhibited only a minor loss in hemicellulose content, when compared to the other tested DESs. Although 50% of the lignin was dissolved with minor loss in hemicellulose no improvement in tensile strength was observed, as it was rather the opposite. Another benefit with the mixture of urea and [Ch]Cl was that this DES did not appear to be corrosive to stainless steel. All other tested DESs—which were also quite acidic—were observed to be corrosive. Moreover, this DES-related corrosion was found to intensify at elevated temperatures.When chips were used as starting material with otherwise the same conditions almost no lignin was dissolved. This suggests that low-energy mechanical pulp is likely to be a good starting material for extracting lignin using DESs.
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| 37. |
- Garrote Jurado, Ramon, et al.
(author)
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Preparing for Masters´ Studies: A Web Based Tool For Self-Assessment and Knowledge Gap Mitigation
- 2018
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a project, conducted by three European universities and a software company, funded by Erasmus +, Strategic Partnership. The project addresses the problem that sometime masters´ students do not get their degree within the allocated time, if at all. Apparently some students with the formal prerequisites to register for a master's programme still lacked the actual abilities to manage their studies.The solution was to design an online HTML5 platform to house self-assessment and learning resource modules for four different master's programmes in Europe. The modules were intended to illustrate the level and abilities that potential applicants were supposed to bring into their studies by a self-assessment test. In case lacking abilities were revealed, the modules offer learning resources to mitigate those gaps.The access modules provides potential students with a visualization of twelve different skills and knowledge as compared to those identified by lecturers as necessary for study on the master's course. If there are weak spots identified, the students are presented with a series of learning interventions designed to remedy their ability flaws. The authors suggest that providing potential students with this kind of material can raise their awareness of what the programme really takes. In this way students with false expectations can be avoided and the ones who applies come better prepared, which the use of access modules potentially can leads to improved enrolment, completion rate, time-to-degree and retention in a wide range of academic programmes.
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| 38. |
- Giuffrida, L., et al.
(author)
-
Manipulation of laser-accelerated proton beam profiles by nanostructured and microstructured targets
- 2017
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In: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams. - 2469-9888. ; 20:8, s. 081301-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nanostructured and microstructured thin foils have been fabricated and used experimentally as targets to manipulate the spatial profile of proton bunches accelerated through the interaction with high intensity laser pulses (6 x 1019 W/cm(2)). Monolayers of polystyrene nanospheres were placed on the rear surfaces of thin plastic targets to improve the spatial homogeneity of the accelerated proton beams. Moreover, thin targets with grating structures of various configurations on their rear sides were used tomodify the proton beam divergence. Experimental results are presented, discussed, and supported by 3D particle-in-cell numerical simulations.
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| 39. |
- Goldkuhl, Göran, et al.
(author)
-
Offentliggemensamma digitala resurser: Utmaningar i samstyrning och samanvändning inom svensk e-förvaltning : RESONANS slutrapport
- 2015
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Projekt RESONANS har bedrivits i nära samverkan mellan Linköpings universitet, E-delegationen, Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting (SKL) och Uppsala universitet. Ekonomiskt stöd har erhållits från VINNOVA (dnr 2013-04936). Projektfokus har varit offentliggemensamma digitala resurser, dvs sådana IT-resurser som berör flera offentliga förvaltningar. Projektet har drivits av frågor som: Hur sker samstyrning av sådana digitala resurser? Vilka möjligheter och restriktioner finns i samanvändning av digitala resurser? Inom projektet har en bred kartläggningsstudie genomförts över olika offentliggemensamma initiativ. Huvudparten av projektet har utgjorts av diagnostiska fallstudier av utvalda offentliggemensamma digitala resurser. Vi har studerat digitala resurser av olika typer (gemensam webbplats, gemensamma komponenter i webbplatser, gemensamma/likartade back-office system, informationsytbyte mellan förvaltningar). Följande åtta digitala resurser har studerats: 1177 Vårdguiden, ekonomiskt bistånd, e-recept, gemensam gymnasieantagning i Stockholms län, kommunala e-tjänsteplattformar, Ladok, Mina meddelanden/Min myndighetspost, verksamt.se. I projektet har vi analyserat fallstudierna utifrån sju samverkansdimensioner. En normativ dimension om mål och värden, en regulativ om regelverk, en relationell om aktörsrelationer och rollfördelning, en performativ om verksamhetsprocesser och digital funktionalitet, en semantisk om språkbruk (begriplighet och precision), en presentativ om digitala möten och användargränssnitt samt en teknisk om samband mellan digitala resurser/komponenter i digitala landskap. I denna rapport presenteras jämförande tväranalyser av de studerade digitala resurserna utifrån dessa sju samverkansdimensioner. Utifrån vår analys av dessa samverkansdimensioner har vi formulerat arbetet med att utveckla den sammanhållna e-förvaltningen som en ”sjukamp”. En sjukamp i grenarna: målstyrning, funktionell lagstiftning, organisering av aktörsrelationer, design av verksamhetsprocesser och digital funktionalitet, språklig tillgänglighet, begriplighet och precision, organisering och design av digitala möten samt arkitektonisk design av digitala landskap.
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| 40. |
- Goldkuhl, Göran, et al.
(author)
-
Visionary Design Research: Renewing e-government Support for Business Set Up
- 2015
-
In: NEW HORIZONS IN DESIGN SCIENCE: BROADENING THE RESEARCH AGENDA. - Cham : SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN. - 9783319187136 - 9783319187143 ; , s. 55-70
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To set up a new business can be a complex and demanding task in a highly regulated society. There is a need for many contacts with and applications for permits to different public authorities. There exists e-government support for new businesses, e.g. business link portals with information and services based on a life-event approach. This presented research contains formulation of a vision for a renewed e-government support for business set up (an assemblage information system; joined-up support for application processes; a reversed application process). This is characterized as visionary design research, which is argued to be a legitimate research approach. The paper articulates a visionary design research approach based on multi-grounding principles. Grounding of the emergent vision is done in theoretical pre-knowledge, internally through vision coherence and empirically in identified problematic situations, articulated goals and opinions/assessments from knowledgeable practitioners.
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